Iran

Iran is a large country in southwest Asia with an area 1648000 sq. km. bordering to the south with the Persian gulf and to the north with the Caspian sea. Its territory is mostly mountaineous, with only a few plains in the coastal areas. At 5610m mount Damavand is the country's highest peak. The first urban settlements in Iran date back to 7000 BC. Iran was first unified by the Medes in 625 BC, after which Iran (known as Persia) developed into the largest empire of its time. In 632 AD Iran was conquered by the Arabs and Islamised. In 1979 the country underwent a revolution which deposed the Shah and is currently an Islamic republic. Travelling to Iran is relatively uncomplicated for western tourists, since 15 days visa are granted on arrival. The country is very safe for travelling and has many major historical sights and other attractions.